FAQ (Dry Eye)

Yes, dry eye is classified as a disease. It is also referred to as keratoconjunctivitis sicca. This chronic condition affects the quantity and/or quality of tears, leading to insufficient lubrication of the eyes.

Many people do not realize they suffer from dry eye. Common symptoms include:

Tear flow: Unusually excessive tearing as the body’s response to dryness.

Dryness: A persistent feeling of dryness or a long-lasting scratchy sensation in the eyes.

Redness: Red or irritated eyes, especially after prolonged eye strain.

Burning or stinging: A burning sensation that intensifies throughout the day.

Blurred vision: Difficulty focusing or occasional blurry vision.

Light sensitivity: Increased sensitivity to bright light.

The Meibomian glands are located at the edges of the upper and lower eyelids. They produce an oily substance that:

• Prevents the evaporation of the tear film.
• Allows adaptation to surface changes during blinking.
• Supports optical function by maintaining a smooth tear film surface.

If this lipid layer is missing or insufficient, the tear film loses its stability, which can lead to inflammation of the conjunctiva and dry eye.

You should consider treatment if your symptoms interfere with your daily life or cause discomfort. Early treatment helps prevent the condition from becoming chronic or worsening.

Untreated dry eyes can significantly reduce quality of life and, in rare cases, may even lead to permanent vision loss.

Chronic inflammation

Untreated dry eyes often cause persistent inflammation of the eye surface and tear glands, which worsens symptoms and further reduces tear film quality.

Chronic pain and discomfort

Constant burning or scratching sensations can make everyday tasks like reading, driving, and using screens difficult or painful.

Psychological impacts

Persistent symptoms can lead to social and professional challenges and may potentially cause anxiety or depression.

Contact lens intolerance

Dry eyes can make wearing contact lenses uncomfortable or impossible due to insufficient lubrication.

Damage to the eye surface

Persistent dryness can damage the delicate cornea and conjunctiva, increase the risk of corneal inflammation, and ultimately impair vision.

Increased risk of infection

Tears protect against pathogens. Insufficient tear production increases the risk of:

• Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections.
• Conjunctivitis and, in severe cases, corneal ulcers.

Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD)

Chronic dry eye is often worsened by Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD). Blocked or atrophic glands can lead to irreversible damage.

Visual impairments

Instability of the tear film affects light refraction on the cornea, which can lead to blurred vision. In severe cases, inflammation may cause corneal scarring and permanent vision loss.

Severe complications (rare)

• Corneal ulcers: Open wounds on the cornea that, if untreated, can lead to vision loss.
• Corneal perforation: A serious complication that requires emergency treatment.

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term damage.

Caffeine and alcohol can worsen dry eye symptoms, depending on individual sensitivity and the amount consumed.

Smoking significantly worsens the symptoms.

Use a humidifier to increase moisture levels indoors.

Drink plenty of water to support tear production.

Limit screen time and take regular breaks.

You can find exercises to relieve symptoms in our blog post “Six Exercises for Dry Eyes.”